Shinde and Narasimhan et
al.: "An Ancient Harappan Genome Lacks Ancestry from Steppe Pastoralists
or Iranian Farmers" https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(19)30967-5
The Shinde and Narasimhan study is
interesting because it maintains that based on human remains from Rakhigarhi
support the view that the largest contributor to
the ancestry among South Asians is Iranian ancestry. “But this new study shows
that the lineage of Iranian-related ancestry in modern South Asians split from
ancient Iranian farmers, herders, and hunter-gatherers before they separated
from each other--that is, even before the invention of farming in the Fertile
Crescent”.
This
finding indicates that farming did not spread into South India from the Middle
East. "Ancestry like that in the IVC individuals is the primary ancestry
source in South Asia today," says Reich. "This finding ties people in
South Asia today directly to the Indus Valley Civilization."
This statement is false, because Rakhigarhi
was not an Indus Valley Civilization. This was a Munda civilization, the IVC
was founded by Dravidian speakers from the Nile Valley.
It is
not surprising that Southeast Asian hunterer-gatherers matched DNA from Iran
and Turkmenistan because the Munda people or negrito people like the Annamese. The
“little negroes”, like the Anu people
had spread from Africa into Eurasia after 10,000BC.
The Mehrgarh and Rakhigarhi cultures are different from the
IVC civilization. These sites are in blue on the map. These cultures like the cemetery are near the Ghaggar -Hakra
River. These sites are pre-IVC the date back to 6000BC, 3500 years older than
the IVC sites. As a result, artifacts from the Mehrgarh (7000 BC), Bhirra (7500BC),
and Rakhigarhi (6000BC ) sites that are as
much as 3500 years older than sites and the artifacts from the IVC.
Archaeological and
linguistic evidence indicates that the Dravidians were the founders of the
Harappan culture which extended from the Indus Valley through northeastern
Afghanistan, on into Turkestan. The Harappan civilization existed from
2600-1700 B.C. The Harappan civilization was twice the size the Old Kingdom of
Egypt. In addition to trade relations with Mesopotamia and Iran, the Harappan
city states also had active trade relations with the Central Asian peoples.
Fairservis makes it clear that early cultures of
Baluchistan are analogous to Early Dynastic Sumerian, this movement eastward of
the ancient Kushites led to the rise of the Indus cultures.The Sumerians, Mande
and Dravidians formerly belonged to the Maa Culture
The Dravidians in the
IVC made different figurines and made seals. The Dravidians in the IVC mainly
cultivated millet--not wheat.
The Sumerians probably called the Indus Valley Dilmun.
Dilmun was a rich trade center that provided Sumer with many valuable trade
items.
The Gondi were originally Munda speakers. The Gond community
is widespread because the ancestors of the people living in 8 states recognized
that IVC culture was superior to the original semi-farming culture the
Gondi had practiced since the Mehrgarh and Rakhigarhi cultures. The Tamil
introduced to the Gondi an agro-pastoral culture and literacy. The Munda
speakers today refused to abandon their original culture and adopt the new
cultural elements introduced to the Indus Valley by the Tamil. The art from
Mehrgarh and IVC show the connection between these people.
Mehgarh was a culture developed by the Munda people web page
.In the sub-continent of India, there were several main groups. The earliest
inhabitants of India were the Veddoid people, followed by the Negritos, Mongoloid,
the Kushite-Dravidians and finally Aryan speakers.
The Negritos or Munda , Mongoloid and Africoid/
Mediterranean skeletal remains were all found at Harappan sites. The Munda or
Australoid people are a mixed group that combines the classical Mongoloid and
pygmy features. The speech of this Negrito group is believed to be Austric, a
specimen of this language survives in the Munda speech. The
Africoid/Mediterranean group is associated with Dravidian culture.
The Negritos founded the earliest culture in the Indus at
Mehrgarh and Rakhigarhi in 6000 B.C. They had domesticated goats and sheep and
grew cereals, namely wheat. Find out more about munda in the following article: http://ispub.com/IJBA/4/2/5591
