Rosa Fregel R,
et al (2017). Neolithization of North Africa involved the migration of people
from both the Levant and Europe. bioRxiv 191569; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/191569
Interesting paper. It promotes the idea of a back migration
to Africa. It is interesting because the results parallel archaeological findings in the Neolithic
sites in North Africa and Andalusian Early Neolithic and Cardial cultures, and
ivory tools associated Iberian Neolithic sites.
The major problem with the paper is that it fails to explain that the earliest sites for these artifacts including bell beaker are found in North Africa--not Europe. as a result. we have more evidence that U6, M1, T2, X and K originated in Africa not Europe The Bell Beaker sites in North Africa date to 5kya, while the Spanish Bell Beaker sites only date to the 2nd Millennium BC.
See:C. Winters,A GENETIC CHRONOLOGY OF AFRICAN Y-CHROMOSOMES R-V88 AND R-M269 IN AFRICA AND EURASIA,http://www.cibtech.org/J-LIFE-SCIENCES/PUBLICATIONS/2017/VOL-7-NO-2/04-JLS-004-WINTERS-A-EURASIA.pdf
Martín-Socas D, et al. (2004).Cueva de El Toro (Antequera, Málaga-Spain). A Neolithic Stockbreeding Community in the Andalusian region between VI-III millenniums B.C.. Documenta Praehistorica XXX:126-143 . [accessed Sep 22, 2017]. Available from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309558230_Cueva_de_El_Toro_Antequera_Malaga-Spain_A_Neolithic_Stockbreeding_Community_in_the_Andalusian_region_between_VI-III_millenniums_B C
The major problem with the paper is that it fails to explain that the earliest sites for these artifacts including bell beaker are found in North Africa--not Europe. as a result. we have more evidence that U6, M1, T2, X and K originated in Africa not Europe The Bell Beaker sites in North Africa date to 5kya, while the Spanish Bell Beaker sites only date to the 2nd Millennium BC.
See:C. Winters,A GENETIC CHRONOLOGY OF AFRICAN Y-CHROMOSOMES R-V88 AND R-M269 IN AFRICA AND EURASIA,http://www.cibtech.org/J-LIFE-SCIENCES/PUBLICATIONS/2017/VOL-7-NO-2/04-JLS-004-WINTERS-A-EURASIA.pdf
Martín-Socas D, et al. (2004).Cueva de El Toro (Antequera, Málaga-Spain). A Neolithic Stockbreeding Community in the Andalusian region between VI-III millenniums B.C.. Documenta Praehistorica XXX:126-143 . [accessed Sep 22, 2017]. Available from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309558230_Cueva_de_El_Toro_Antequera_Malaga-Spain_A_Neolithic_Stockbreeding_Community_in_the_Andalusian_region_between_VI-III_millenniums_B C
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